Tangible Media: Removable Storage of Image, Sound, Motion and Data
Tangible Media: Removable Storage of Image, Sound, Motion and Data
Tangible Media: Removable Storage of Image, Sound, Motion and Data
Grooves
7 in. Berliner

Title:

Coming Through the Rye, Cornet Solo

Artist:

Adam Schirra

Date:

1896

Material:

Shellac

Dimensions:

7 in. (18 cm)

Company:

United States Gramophone Co.

Location:

Washington, D. C., United States

An early example of the disc record invented by Emile Berliner. In a purely acoustic recording process, sound traveled down a horn to vibrate a diaphragm and needle, which inscribed the master, a zinc disc coated in wax. The inscribed disc was etched, then electroplated to create a negative. The negative was peeled off and used to create multiple stampers, which pressed the final shellac discs. The record was recorded on one side only. 7" Berliners varied from 60–75 rpm—the advertised speed was "about 70 rpm". Incidentally, the performer on this disc, A. (Adam) Schirra, was the grandfather of astronaut Wally Schirra (Burgess 2016, 1–2).

Berliner was plagued by illegal copies of his invention. A patent fight led him to pass his patents on to an entity that eventually became the Victor Talking Machine Company, which in turn became RCA Victor. It was Berliner who spotted an English painting of a dog listening to a gramophone titled His Masters's Voice, which he trademarked and passed on to the Victor Company.

References
Burgess, Colin. 2016. SIGMA 7: The Six Mercury Orbits of Walter M. Schirra, Jr.. Chichester, United Kingdom: Springer Praxis, 2016, 1–2. PDF.
The Gramophone. Emile Berliner and the Birth of the Recording Industry. Washington D.C., United States: Library of Congress. Accessed May 25, 2024.

Ad in The Cosmopolitan magazine, c. 1898