Tangible Media: Removable Storage of Image, Sound, Motion and Data
Tangible Media: Removable Storage of Image, Sound, Motion and Data
Tangible Media: Removable Storage of Image, Sound, Motion and Data
Frames
Skladanowsky Bioscop

Title:

Der Jongleur

Artist:

Max Skladanowsky (director)

Date:

c. 1896

Material:

Cellulose nitrate, brass grommets

Dimensions:

54 mm

Company:

Skladanowsky Bros.

Location:

Berlin, Germany

A fragment from one of the nine films shown to the first paying cinema audience ever by Max and Emil Skladanowsky on November 1, 1895. The films were taken on 44.5 mm unperforated celluloid with a single lens camera. Since unperforated film couldn't guarantee that frames were recorded at equal intervals, the developed frames were then cut out and assembled into two 54 mm strips with metal reinforced perforations. The strips were projected alternately by two projectors with a dissolve transition (based on the common magic lantern dissolve effect) between the frames. The dissolve kept the image from going to black between frames and thus eliminated flickering. It was a cumbersome process and once the Lumières' Cinématographe came on the scene, the Skladanowskys scaled back their tour and had left the film business by 1897.

There were nine short films in the initial program, which ran to the end of November 1895. The juggler in this one is the vaudeville performer Paul Petras (a pseudonym for Sylvester Schäffer).